Some major health challenges faced by India include high infant mortality rates, malnourishment, communicable diseases such as tuberculosis and malaria, noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes, and lack of access to clean water and sanitation. The government has taken several steps to address these issues, including:

• Improving maternal and child health by increasing access to antenatal care and promoting early childhood vaccination programs.
• Implementing a National Nutrition Mission to combat malnutrition in children and pregnant women, and promoting breastfeeding.
• Introducing free TB diagnostics and treatment, and expanding the Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTS) program for TB.
• Rolling out free malaria diagnostic and treatment services, distributing insecticide-treated bed nets, and strengthening surveillance for early detection and control.
• Launching the National Program for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) to provide free screening, diagnosis, treatment and referral services for non-communicable diseases.
• Initiating the Swachh Bharat Mission to promote clean, hygienic and toilets, providing access to potable drinking water to rural and urban areas, with a goal of eliminating open defecation by 2022.

These measures have been implemented to improve the health of Indians and overcome the challenges being faced. However, there is still a long way to go before quality healthcare becomes accessible and affordable to all Indians.