• Handling the COVID-19 Pandemic: The government faces the challenge of managing the ongoing pandemic and ensuring the health and safety of the citizens. It involves maintaining healthcare infrastructure, testing facilities, and vaccination distribution.
• Economic Recovery: Maharashtra has been significantly impacted by the pandemic, resulting in job losses and economic slowdown. The government needs to rejuvenate industries, attract investments, and create employment opportunities for the people.
• Farmers' Issues: Maharashtra has a large agricultural community, and addressing farmers' concerns such as irrigation, loan waivers, and crop insurance is a crucial challenge for the government.
• Infrastructure Development: Maharashtra needs significant investment in infrastructure, including roads, public transportation, and housing. The government must focus on effective execution, fundraising, and managing associated environmental concerns.
• Law and Order: Ensuring the safety and security of citizens is another challenge. Policymaking and implementation to combat rising crime rates and maintain law and order is necessary.
• Environment Conservation: The state faces environmental challenges like air pollution, deforestation, and waste management. The government must prioritize sustainable initiatives to mitigate these issues.
• Social Welfare: Providing quality education, healthcare, and social security schemes efficiently to all sections of society is a vital challenge.
• Political Dynamics: Managing the alliance between the Shiv Sena and the BJP, which have different ideologies, can be challenging and requires effective coordination.

Overall, Eknath Shinde's government in Maharashtra faces a range of challenges, including managing the pandemic, reviving the economy, addressing farmers' concerns, infrastructure development, maintaining law and order, conserving the environment, ensuring social welfare, and managing the political dynamics within the alliance.