India is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change, given its large population and widespread poverty. In order to mitigate the effects of climate change, India should take the following steps:

• Investment in renewable energy: India should focus on promoting renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, and hydro power. The government should provide incentives to private players to invest in these areas.
• Tree plantation drives: Afforestation is an effective way of reducing carbon emissions. India should carry out large-scale tree plantation drives to increase the country's green cover.
• Reduction of greenhouse gases: India needs to reduce its carbon emissions in order to combat the effects of climate change. This can be achieved by increasing energy efficiency and reducing wastage.
• Water conservation: Climate change is likely to cause severe water scarcity in India. The government should take steps to conserve water and promote efficient use of water resources.
• Education and awareness: Educating the masses about the effects of climate change and how they can contribute towards mitigating them is crucial. The government should undertake awareness campaigns through various mediums to inform people about climate change.

The government of India has already taken several initiatives to mitigate the effects of climate change. It has set a target of producing 175 GW of energy from renewable sources by the year 2022. The 'Green India Mission' launched by the Indian government aims to increase the country's green cover. Further, the government has introduced several schemes such as the 'Ujala' scheme to promote energy efficiency. With continued efforts in this direction, India can make a significant contribution towards mitigating the effects of climate change.