The major challenges faced by the Indian economy are:

• Slow economic growth
• High inflation
• Unemployment and underemployment
• Income inequality
• Poor infrastructure and low productivity
• Low financial inclusion

To address these challenges, the government can undertake the following measures:

• Implement pro-growth policies to increase economic growth and promote investment
• Implement monetary policies to control inflation through regulatory measures
• Promote skill development and education to reduce unemployment and underemployment
• Implement progressive tax policies to reduce income inequality and promote inclusive growth
• Invest in infrastructure development and improve productivity in manufacturing and agriculture sectors
• Promote financial inclusion through initiatives like Jan Dhan Yojana and digital payments infrastructure

These measures can help the Indian economy overcome its current challenges and pave the way for sustained and inclusive growth.