The major challenges faced by disaster management authorities in India include: 1. Lack of preparedness and planning: Insufficient emphasis on disaster preparedness measures, such as early warning systems, emergency response plans, and public awareness campaigns. 2. Inadequate infrastructure: Limited resources for disaster management infrastructure, including communication networks, evacuation centers, and medical facilities. 3. Coordination and interagency cooperation: Lack of coordination among various agencies involved in disaster management, leading to delays and inefficiencies in response efforts. 4. Population density and urbanization: Rapid urbanization and a high population density increase vulnerability to disasters, making evacuation and relief operations more challenging. To address these challenges, the following measures can be taken:

• Enhancing preparedness: Conducting more frequent disaster drills, improving early warning systems, and educating the public about disaster risks and response options.
• Infrastructure development: Investing in resilient infrastructure, including robust communication networks, evacuation shelters, and healthcare facilities.
• Strengthening coordination: Establishing clear lines of communication and coordination between various agencies involved in disaster management.
• Disaster risk reduction: Implementing measures to reduce vulnerability, such as proper land-use planning, building regulations, and promoting eco-friendly practices.
• Capacity building: Providing training and resources to enhance the skills and knowledge of disaster management personnel at various levels.

By addressing these challenges, India can improve its disaster management capabilities and effectively respond to future disasters.