The Indian Constitution is one of the longest and most detailed constitutions in the world. It has evolved over time and has undergone several amendments since its adoption in 1950. The salient features of the Indian Constitution are:

• It is a written constitution with a preamble, 470 articles, and 12 schedules.
• It is a federal constitution that divides power between the central government and state governments.
• It guarantees fundamental rights such as the right to equality, freedom of speech, and religion.
• It provides for the separation of powers between the executive, legislature, and judiciary.
• It includes provisions for the appointment, tenure, and independence of the judiciary.
• It recognizes the importance of social justice and upliftment of the weaker sections of society through affirmative action.
• It creates a system of parliamentary democracy with the President as the head of state and the Prime Minister as the head of government.
• It allows for flexible amendments to accommodate changing social and political needs.

Over time, the Indian Constitution has evolved to reflect the diverse and changing needs of Indian society, including the inclusion of new fundamental rights, expansion of affirmative action provisions, and strengthening of institutions such as the Election Commission and the judiciary.