What are the factors contributing to the mismatch between the demand and supply of pulses, oil seeds, and fruit in India

A report suggests that the output of pulses, oil seeds, and fruit will lag behind the demand until at least 2030-31.
There are several factors contributing to the mismatch between the demand and supply of pulses, oil seeds, and fruit in India, as highlighted in the report:
  • Limited cultivable land: The availability of arable land in India is limited, making it challenging to meet the growing demand for pulses, oil seeds, and fruits.
  • Inadequate agricultural practices: Traditional farming practices and a lack of technology adoption result in lower productivity and yield of these crops, leading to supply shortages.
  • Climate change: Unpredictable and extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods, adversely affect crop production and reduce overall supply.
  • Inadequate irrigation facilities: Insufficient access to irrigation facilities leads to dependence on rainfall, making crop cultivation vulnerable to weather fluctuations and affecting output.
  • Price fluctuations: Unstable market prices and low profitability discourage farmers from investing in the cultivation of pulses, oil seeds, and fruits, which further contributes to the supply-demand mismatch.
  • Shifting dietary preferences: Changing dietary patterns and an increased inclination towards imported products create additional demand for pulses, oil seeds, and fruits, surpassing the domestic supply.
  • Post-harvest losses: Inadequate storage and processing infrastructure lead to significant post-harvest losses, further reducing the available supply of these crops.
Given these factors, it is projected that the demand for pulses, oil seeds, and fruit will continue to exceed the supply at least until 2030-31.
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