The term 'returning monsoon' refers to the change in direction of winds during the monsoon season. Here are some key points about the returning monsoon:

• Direction: The returning monsoon refers to the reversal of winds from the southwest to the northeast direction in the Indian subcontinent. This change happens after the southwest monsoon season.
• Timeframe: The returning monsoon typically occurs between the months of September and October. It signifies the end of the rainy season and the transition towards drier weather.
• Meteorological phenomenon: The returning monsoon is a result of the shifting global wind patterns caused by the differential heating of land and water. The cooler landmass in the northern hemisphere leads to the reversal of wind flow.
• Effect on climate: The returning monsoon brings about a decrease in rainfall in the Indian subcontinent. It marks the beginning of the post-monsoon season when the weather gradually becomes drier and cooler.
• Impact on agriculture: The returning monsoon has a significant impact on agriculture as farmers rely on the rainfall during the southwest monsoon for their crops. The change in wind direction can affect crop growth and irrigation practices.
• Social and cultural significance: The returning monsoon holds cultural significance in India and other countries in South Asia. It is celebrated as festivals like Navratri and Durga Puja are associated with this transitional period.

These are some key points about the returning monsoon and its significance in the Indian subcontinent.