Some major health challenges faced by India currently are:

• Communicable diseases such as tuberculosis and malaria
• Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and heart disease
• Malnutrition and infant mortality
• Inadequate access to healthcare in rural areas
• Pollution and environmental health hazards

To address these issues, the Government of India has implemented various initiatives such as:

• The National Health Policy which aims to provide universal access to essential healthcare services
• The Swachh Bharat Abhiyan to improve sanitation and reduce pollution
• The National Rural Health Mission to improve healthcare in rural areas
• The National Nutrition Mission to address malnutrition
• The Ayushman Bharat scheme to provide health insurance coverage for vulnerable populations

Furthermore, the government has increased spending on healthcare, improved health infrastructure, and promoted preventive healthcare. While more efforts are needed to tackle these challenges, the government's initiatives have shown some progress in improving the health status of the country.