- Air pollution is a major environmental issue facing India, with its urban areas experiencing high levels of pollutants due to industrial and vehicular emissions. Water pollution is also an issue as many rivers and lakes are polluted by both industrial and domestic waste. - Deforestation is another major challenge in India as it leads to soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and reduced carbon capture. Climate change is an urgent issue as well given the country’s vulnerability to extreme weather events like floods, droughts, and heatwaves. To tackle these issues, Civil Services can:

• Strengthen regulations and enforcement mechanisms related to emissions, particularly for vehicles and industries.
• Increase investments in public transportation systems and promote more sustainable travel options like cycling and walking in cities.
• Improve waste management systems and promote recycling and composting.
• Develop afforestation programs and stricter land-use regulations to reduce deforestation rates.
• Implement clean energy initiatives, improve energy efficiency in buildings, and encourage individuals and businesses to switch to clean energy.
• Support climate change adaptation efforts, including the provision of early warning systems and disaster preparedness planning.