How can large-scale mangrove restoration under the MISHTI scheme impact the coastal ecosystem and local communities in Gujarat?

Mangrove restoration under the MISHTI (Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes) scheme is a significant step towards strengthening coastal resilience. Gujarat, with its long coastline, has seen large-scale restoration efforts, which can bring multiple ecological and socio-economic benefits to both the coastal ecosystem and local communities.

Ecological Impacts:
• Coastal Protection: Mangroves act as natural barriers against storm surges, coastal erosion, and tsunamis, reducing the impact of natural disasters on coastal areas.
• Biodiversity Conservation: Restored mangroves provide habitat and breeding grounds for diverse species, including fish, crustaceans, birds, and other wildlife, enhancing local biodiversity.
• Carbon Sequestration: Mangroves are efficient carbon sinks, absorbing and storing large amounts of carbon dioxide, which helps in mitigating climate change.
• Water Quality Improvement: Mangrove roots filter pollutants and trap sediments, improving the overall quality of coastal waters.

Socio-Economic Impacts on Local Communities:
• Livelihood Opportunities: Restoration projects create jobs in planting, monitoring, and maintenance, and support traditional livelihoods like fishing and honey collection by improving ecosystem productivity.
• Disaster Risk Reduction: By reducing the severity of coastal hazards, mangroves help protect homes and infrastructure, lowering economic losses for communities.
• Eco-Tourism Potential: Healthy mangrove ecosystems attract tourists, providing new income sources for local people through guided tours, boating, and related services.
• Community Participation and Awareness: Restoration encourages community involvement, fostering environmental stewardship and awareness about the importance of mangroves.