In the Indian political system, the concept of separation of powers signifies the division of powers among the three branches of government - the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary, to ensure that no one branch becomes too powerful. The concept of checks and balances further ensures that each branch has the power to limit the powers of the other two branches, to prevent abuse of authority.

• The executive branch is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws passed by the legislature. It includes the President, Prime Minister, and Cabinet Ministers.
• The legislature branch is responsible for making laws. It comprises of the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha.
• The judiciary branch is responsible for interpreting laws and resolving disputes. It includes the Supreme Court, High Courts, District Courts, and other subordinate courts.

Examples of checks and balances include the President's power to veto legislation passed by the legislature, the judiciary's power to strike down laws deemed to be unconstitutional, and the legislature's power to impeach the President or remove judges from office. These constitutional provisions ensure that each branch of government operates within its limits and fulfills its responsibilities without interfering with the functioning of the other two branches.