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Explain the evolution of healthcare policies in India.

Trace the historical development of healthcare policies and initiatives in India.
  • 1947-1951: Post-independence, India focused on building a basic healthcare infrastructure; Bhore Committee (1946) laid foundation for primary healthcare.
  • 1951-1983: Five-Year Plans emphasized disease control (malaria, TB), family planning, and rural health programs.
  • 1983: National Health Policy (NHP) aimed for universal primary healthcare and integration of preventive and curative services.
  • 2002: Revised NHP targeted private sector involvement, decentralization, and increased health spending.
  • 2005: National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) launched to improve rural healthcare infrastructure and services.
  • 2013: National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) addressed urban health needs.
  • 2017: National Health Policy focused on universal health coverage, quality care, and affordable medicines.
  • 2018: Ayushman Bharat launched, providing health insurance and strengthening primary healthcare through Health and Wellness Centres.
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