The decline of the Harappan Civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, was influenced by various factors. Here is a brief explanation in point form: 1. Environmental changes: The shifting course of rivers, such as the Indus, reduced the availability of water for agriculture. Changes in climate patterns, including droughts and floods, further impacted agricultural productivity. 2. Declining trade networks: The Harappans relied heavily on long-distance trade, particularly with Mesopotamia. The decline of these trade connections weakened their economic and cultural exchange, leading to limited resources and stagnation. 3. Social and political factors: Internal conflicts, including increased social stratification and the possible emergence of regional power centers, may have destabilized the administrative and political system of the civilization. 4. Decline in urban planning and infrastructure: The major cities of the Harappan Civilization suffered from a decline in their well-planned grids, possibly due to reduced resources and lack of maintenance. 5. Aryan migration and cultural shift: The arrival of Indo-Aryans, a nomadic group, in the Indian subcontinent may have resulted in clashes and cultural assimilation, which might have disrupted the existing way of life in the Harappan civilization. It is essential to note that the exact reasons for the decline remain speculative, as the Harappan script has not yet been deciphered conclusively.