What challenges does the misuse of SIM cards by terror operatives pose to internal security, and how can technology help address these threats?

The misuse of SIM cards by terror operatives is a significant threat to India’s internal security. Terrorists often use fake or illegally obtained SIM cards to communicate, making it difficult for security agencies to track their activities and prevent attacks. Recent incidents in Kashmir have highlighted how easy access to SIM cards can aid terror networks.

• Anonymous Communication: Terrorists use SIM cards obtained with fake identities or stolen documents, making it hard to trace the real user.
• Frequent Switching: Operatives frequently change SIM cards and devices to evade surveillance, complicating tracking efforts.
• Cross-Border Linkages: SIM cards from neighboring countries are sometimes used, bypassing Indian monitoring systems.
• Fake Documentation: Loopholes in the verification process allow the purchase of SIM cards with forged documents.
• Unregistered SIMs: Bulk issuance and poor record-keeping result in many unregistered or untraceable SIM cards in circulation.

Technological Solutions:

• Aadhaar-based e-KYC: Mandating biometric verification for SIM issuance can ensure only genuine users get access.
• AI-based Pattern Analysis: Artificial Intelligence can analyze call records and detect suspicious calling patterns or frequent SIM swaps.
• IMEI-SIM Mapping: Linking SIM cards to specific device IMEI numbers helps track which device is using which SIM.
• Geo-fencing: Technology can alert agencies if a SIM card registered in one region is suddenly activated in a sensitive area.
• Centralized Databases: Real-time sharing of SIM issuance and usage data across telecom operators and security agencies enhances monitoring.
• Facial Recognition at Point of Sale: Using facial recognition during SIM purchase can prevent identity fraud.