What are the various health indicators in India

Describe the different health indicators that are used to measure the health status of the country.
India has made progress in improving the health indicators over the past few decades. Here are some of the health indicators used to measure the health status of the country:
  • Life expectancy: India's average life expectancy has increased from 62.3 years in 2001 to 69.7 years in 2019.
  • Infant mortality rate (IMR): IMR has declined from 66 in 2000 to 28 in 2018.
  • Maternal mortality ratio (MMR): MMR has declined from 254 per 100,000 live births in 2004-06 to 113 per 100,000 live births in 2016-18.
  • Under-5 mortality rate: U5MR has declined from 115 in 2001 to 34 in 2019.
  • Total fertility rate: The TFR has declined from 3.4 in 2000 to 2.2 in 2018.
  • Malnutrition: According to the 2019 Global Hunger Index, India ranks 94th among 107 countries.
  • Disease burden: Communicable diseases such as malaria, dengue and tuberculosis continue to pose a substantial burden on the healthcare system.
Despite the improvements in some health indicators, there is still a long way to go to achieve the health goals in the country. The government and private sector are working towards improving the healthcare infrastructure and services to tackle the remaining challenges.
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