What are the major environmental challenges faced by coastal regions in India
Identify and explain the key environmental issues that coastal regions in India are grappling with.
- Coastal Erosion: Coastal regions in India are facing the challenge of severe erosion, leading to the loss of land and habitats. This is caused by natural forces like waves, tides, and winds, as well as human activities like mining, construction, and beach tourism.
- Sea Level Rise: Climate change-induced sea level rise is a significant environmental issue for coastal regions in India. It poses the risk of inundation, saltwater intrusion into freshwater sources, and the displacement of coastal communities.
- Coastal Pollution: Pollution from various sources like industrial discharge, untreated sewage, and plastic waste adversely affects the coastal regions. It harms marine ecosystems, disturbs the balance of coral reefs, reduces water and air quality, and impacts the livelihoods of coastal communities.
- Mangrove Degradation: Destruction of mangrove ecosystems as a result of urbanization, aquaculture, and deforestation poses a challenge to coastal regions. Mangroves act as a buffer against storms, provide habitats for marine life, and preserve coastal biodiversity.
- Loss of Biodiversity: Coastal regions in India are experiencing a loss of marine biodiversity due to overfishing, destructive fishing practices, and habitat destruction. This impacts the livelihoods of fishing communities and disrupts the balance of marine ecosystems.
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