The healthcare sector in India faces several major challenges, which contribute to the difficulties in ensuring a healthy population. These challenges include:

• Insufficient funding: India's healthcare sector suffers from insufficient funding, leading to inadequate infrastructure, limited resources, and shortage of healthcare professionals, equipment and medicines.
• Low rural penetration: Rural areas have limited access to healthcare services, with the majority of medical facilities and doctors situated in urban areas, leading to a shortage of medical professionals in rural healthcare services.
• Cost Barriers: High medical treatment costs make healthcare inaccessible to many individuals leading to low access to treatments and medication
• Poor quality of care: The quality of healthcare services is often suboptimal, leading to a lack of trust and confidence in the healthcare system among many individuals, especially in rural areas.
• Non-communicable diseases (NCDs): NCDs such as diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases are increasing in prevalence and pose a significant challenge to the healthcare system.

Addressing these challenges and improving the healthcare system in India will require a concerted effort from the government, private sector, NGOs and the community as a whole.