The COVID-19 pandemic posed several challenges to the Indian economy. Here are the major ones: 1. Disruption of supply chains: The lockdown measures disrupted the supply chains, leading to a shortage of essential goods and impacting the manufacturing sector. 2. Decline in demand: With people prioritizing essential purchases, demand for non-essential goods and services plummeted, affecting various sectors such as hospitality, tourism, and retail. 3. Job losses and unemployment: Industries scaled down or shut down operations, leading to widespread job losses and unemployment, particularly in the informal sector. 4. Financial stress on businesses: Many small and medium-sized businesses faced financial strain due to decreased revenue, leading to closures and layoffs. 5. Disrupted agricultural activities: Agricultural supply chains were affected, leading to issues in harvesting, transportation, and market access, impacting farmers’ livelihoods. 6. Reduced foreign investments: The uncertainty surrounding the pandemic led to a decline in foreign direct investments, negatively impacting the economy. These challenges had a significant impact on the Indian economy, resulting in reduced GDP growth, increased fiscal deficit, and heightened economic inequalities.