There are a few flaws in the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) that have been pointed out by education experts: 1. Heavy reliance on perception: A significant percentage of the ranking depends on perceptions, including peer and public perception, which can be subjective and biased. 2. Limited parameters: The ranking system only considers a few parameters, such as research output and outreach, which fail to take into account other significant factors like learning outcomes and campus diversity. 3. Insufficient data: The data used for ranking institutions is collected mainly from official records, which may not be up to date, comprehensive, or accurate. 4. Inequity: There have been allegations that different institutions are held to varying standards, with private universities favored over public universities. 5. Lack of transparency: The methodology of ranking is not shared, which questions the credibility and transparency of the NIRF. These flaws suggest that the NIRF's ranking may not be an accurate representation of the quality of higher education institutions in India.