What are the factors that contribute to the flood in Sikkim
Explanation of the causes of the flood in Sikkim
Factors contributing to the flood in Sikkim can be explained as follows:
- Excessive Rainfall: Heavy and continuous rainfall is a primary cause of flooding in Sikkim. The region receives over 3,000 mm of rainfall annually, which leads to the overflowing of rivers and streams.
- Topography: Sikkim is a hilly region with steep slopes. This geographical feature causes the rapid flow of rainwater, leading to flash floods and landslides.
- Deforestation: The cutting down of trees for various purposes, such as construction and agriculture, reduces the natural absorption of rainwater. Consequently, water runoff increases, contributing to floods.
- Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs): Sikkim has numerous glaciers, and the sudden release of water from glacial lakes due to melting or dam failures can trigger devastating floods downstream.
- Urbanization and Encroachments: Unplanned urbanization and encroachment on riverbanks obstruct the natural flow of water, causing congestion and leading to floods during heavy rainfall.
- Climate Change: Changing weather patterns, including increased precipitation and warmer temperatures, intensify the frequency and magnitude of floods in Sikkim.
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