The licensing of 5G technology is primarily done by governmental regulatory bodies in each country. Here are the key entities involved in the licensing process:

• Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States: FCC is responsible for approving the use of radio frequencies for commercial telecommunications, including 5G. In the U.S., the FCC conducts auctions to allocate spectrum licenses to the highest bidders.
• European Commission (EC) and individual member states: In Europe, the EC sets guidelines for the allocation of spectrum, and individual member states manage the licensing process within their respective territories.
• Ofcom in the United Kingdom: Ofcom is the regulatory body responsible for managing the UK's spectrum allocation and licensing process.
• Telecommunications Regulatory Authorities: Each country has its own telecommunications regulatory authority, which oversees the licensing and allocation of spectrum, often in coordination with governmental bodies.

These entities work to ensure fair and efficient distribution of spectrum licenses to telecommunication companies for the deployment of 5G networks.