How does the Model Code of Conduct influence the fairness of elections in India?

The Model Code of Conduct (MCC) is a set of guidelines issued by the Election Commission of India to regulate political parties and candidates prior to elections. Its main aim is to ensure free, fair, and transparent elections by maintaining a level playing field among all political contenders.

• Prevents Misuse of Government Power: The MCC restricts the ruling party from using government machinery, resources, or funds for election campaigns, reducing chances of unfair advantage.
• Regulates Campaigning: It lays down rules for campaigning, such as limiting hate speech, personal attacks, and appeals to caste or religion, promoting respectful and issue-based discourse.
• Ensures Equal Opportunities: The code prohibits announcements of new schemes, projects, or transfers of officials, ensuring that no party can influence voters by offering benefits during the election period.
• Monitors Election Expenditure: The MCC requires transparent accounting of election expenses, helping to curb the influence of money power in elections.
• Protects Voters’ Rights: It bans bribery, intimidation, and inducements to voters, safeguarding the right to free choice.
• Enables Quick Redressal: The Election Commission can take swift action against violations, including warnings, censure, or even barring candidates from campaigning, which acts as a deterrent.
• Promotes Peaceful Elections: The code includes provisions to avoid provocative actions, maintain public order, and prevent violence, ensuring peaceful conduct of elections across India’s diverse regions.