The Indian Polity has various provisions in place to ensure social justice for all citizens. Here are some of the ways in which it does so:

• The Constitution guarantees equality before law and prohibits discrimination on the basis of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth.
• Reservation policies for Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs) and Other Backward Classes (OBCs) are implemented to ensure that underprivileged sections of society get access to education and employment.
• The National Commission for SCs, National Commission for STs and National Commission for OBCs have been established to protect the interests of these communities.
• The Right to Education Act, 2009 provides free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of 6 and 14.
• The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 guarantees 100 days of wage employment to every rural household.
• The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 aims to protect women from physical, sexual, emotional, verbal and economic abuse.
• The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019 aims to protect the rights of transgender persons and ensure their welfare.

Recently, the Indian government passed the Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019, which has attracted controversy and criticism. The Act seeks to provide citizenship to non-Muslim refugees from Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bangladesh who came to India before December 31, 2014. Critics argue that the Act is discriminatory and violates the constitutional principles of secularism and equality.