How do natural selection and genetic drift differ in evolution

<p><span style="color: rgb(34, 34, 34);">Can someone explain the differences between natural selection and genetic drift in the context of evolution? I am interested in understanding their roles and effects on populations.
  • Natural Selection:
    • Occurs when individuals with beneficial traits have higher survival and reproduction rates.
    • Leads to the adaptation of a population to its environment over time.
    • Results in the increase of advantageous traits in a population.
  • Genetic Drift:
    • Occurs due to random chance and can result in the loss of genetic variation in a population.
    • Has a stronger effect in smaller populations where chance plays a larger role.
    • Does not necessarily lead to adaptation as it is not based on the fitness of individuals.
In summary, natural selection is driven by the environment and leads to adaptation, while genetic drift is based on random chance and can reduce genetic variation without an adaptive purpose.
Answered 11 months ago
Rahul Preparing for Civil Services