• Social classes played a significant role in shaping the governance system of ancient India.
• The caste system, which divided society into four classes - Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras - had a direct impact on the functioning of government.
• Brahmins, who were regarded as the top tier of society, were responsible for religious and intellectual guidance and played an advisory role to rulers.
• Kshatriyas, the warrior class, were entrusted with the responsibility of defense and protection of the kingdom. They were the rulers and administrators of the state.
• Vaishyas, the merchant class, contributed to the economy, engaging in trade and commerce. They paid taxes to the government.
• Shudras were considered the lowest tier of society and were excluded from governance and decision-making processes.
• The caste system ensured that power remained concentrated in the hands of the upper classes and limited opportunities for social mobility.
• However, the system also provided a degree of stability and order to society.
• The influence of social classes in governance continued until the colonial period when colonial powers introduced new forms of governance.