How can the independence of the Election Commission be protected in the face of sustained political pressure?

The Election Commission of India (ECI) plays a crucial role in ensuring free and fair elections, which are the foundation of democracy. However, concerns about its autonomy and political interference have been raised in recent times. Protecting the independence of the ECI is essential to maintain public trust in the electoral process.

• Transparent Appointment Process: Establish a collegium system for the appointment of Election Commissioners, involving the Chief Justice of India, the Prime Minister, and the Leader of Opposition, to reduce executive influence.
• Security of Tenure: Ensure fixed tenure for Election Commissioners, so they cannot be removed arbitrarily by the government. Removal should only be possible through a process similar to that of a Supreme Court judge.
• Financial Autonomy: Grant the ECI independent financial powers, so its budget is not subject to approval or cuts by the executive, similar to the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG).
• Clear Legal Framework: Strengthen laws that define the powers, functions, and protection mechanisms for the ECI, reducing scope for ambiguity and political manipulation.
• Independent Secretariat: Provide the ECI with its own secretariat and staff, independent of government control, to avoid administrative interference.
• Judicial Review: Ensure that actions and decisions of the ECI are open to judicial review, but only on substantial grounds, to prevent frivolous challenges and maintain accountability.
• Public Accountability: Encourage transparency in the Commission’s functioning through regular press briefings, public disclosures, and engagement with civil society, which can act as a check on undue influence.